How do you determine the cash value of a life insurance policy?
The value of your life insurance refers to the death benefit paid to beneficiaries. To find the cash value of your life insurance, calculate your total payments and subtract surrender fees. Remember, the value for a sale will be lower than the death benefit to allow the buyer to profit.
Different Policies Accumulate Cash Value in Different Ways
Whole life policies provide “guaranteed” fixed cash value accounts that grow according to a formula the insurance company determines. Universal life policies accumulate cash value based on current interest rates and investments.
However, most people receive around 20% of the face value on average, according to LISA. So, if we're using that 20% average to calculate the cash value of a $100,000 life insurance policy, the cash value of the policy would be $20,000.
Examples of Cash Value Life Insurance
An example is a cash value life insurance policy with a $25,000 death benefit. Assuming you don't take out a loan or withdraw, the cash value accumulates to $5,000. After the policyholder's death, the insurance company would pay out the full death benefit, which would be $25,000.
The $10,000 refers to the face value of the policy, otherwise known as the death benefit, and does not represent the cash value of life insurance policy. A $10,000 term life insurance policy has no cash value.
The limit for borrowing money from life insurance is set by the insurer, and it's typically no more than 90% of the policy's cash value. When your policy has enough cash value (minimums vary by insurer), you can use it as collateral to request a loan from your insurance company.
Ultimately, deciding whether to draw cash from a life insurance policy comes down to personal need. "In some instances it may make sense to borrow funds for short-term needs, such as a year of tuition, to tide over a business or for an item such as a wedding, if the client can repay the loan," Teitelbaum says.
Cash value life insurance costs more than term life insurance. If you don't need insurance for the duration of your life, and you don't care about building cash value, term life insurance will give you the most coverage bang for your buck. Cash value can take time to build.
Most permanent life insurance policies begin to accrue cash value in 2 to 5 years. However, it can take decades to see significant cash value accumulation.
At the low end of a life settlement, you can expect to receive around 10% of the policy's face value. That means for the $150,000 average policy we mentioned earlier, you would receive around $15,000 in a lump sum of cash after a life settlement.
What happens to the cash value after the policy is fully paid up?
What happens to the cash value after the policy is fully paid up? The company plans to use the cash value to pay premiums until you die. If you take cash value out, there may not be enough to pay premiums.
A permanent or whole life policyholder may take out loans or withdrawals against the cash value of the policy while he or she is still alive. After the insured passes away the whole life insurance death benefit is distributed to beneficiaries, but any excess cash value may be retained by the insurance company.
Permanent life insurance policies will allow you to access the cash portion of your account while you're alive. Term life insurance, meanwhile, does not have a cash element for policyholders to access.
If you're a whole life insurance policyholder, you might be wondering whether it's possible to completely pay off a whole life insurance policy. The simple answer is yes, it's possible. However, it's not guaranteed, so if you're looking to do this, there's important information you should know beforehand.
Can You Cash Out a Life Insurance Policy? With a cash value life insurance policy, like whole life or universal life insurance, you can access the cash value. One of the ways to do that is to cash out or surrender the policy. If you choose to cash out your policy, you'll receive the cash value minus any surrender fees.
Generally, most life insurance proceeds are not considered taxable income. However, there are exceptions. If the death benefit is paid in installments, the interest accrued is taxable. If the policyholder names an estate as the beneficiary, the estate may be subject to estate taxes.
Cashing out your policy
You're able to withdraw up to the amount of the total premiums you've paid into the policy without paying taxes. But if you withdraw on any gains, such as dividends, you can expect them to be taxed as ordinary income.
The IRS typically can't seize life insurance proceeds directly paid to a beneficiary as these funds are considered reimbursem*nt for the loss rather than income.
You can borrow against a permanent life policy, but not a term policy. There is no hard credit check or collateral requirement when borrowing against life insurance. Interest accrues when borrowing from cash value, and any outstanding balance will likely reduce the death benefit.
- Cash Value Accumulation. Life insurance policies, such as Farm Bureau Insurance's whole life policy, often come with a cash value component. ...
- Tax Advantages. ...
- Estate Planning. ...
- Business Succession Planning. ...
- Charitable Giving.
What happens if you don't pay back a life insurance loan?
When this happens, your beneficiaries lose their inheritance from the life insurance, and you lose the opportunity to use the money again in the future. In addition, if you don't pay the loan back and the amount you borrow reaches the amount of cash value (or exceeds it), you may find yourself owing taxes.
What happens when a whole life insurance policy matures? Most whole life policies endow at age 100. When a policyholder outlives the policy, the insurance company may pay the full cash value to the policyholder (which in this case equals the coverage amount) and close the policy.
The easiest way to avoid paying taxes on the cash value component of a life insurance policy is to only take out as much as you've put into the policy through premiums. Most people will only pay taxes on cash value when they distribute over their cost basis.
Cash value life insurance loans are not without risk, however. If you fail to repay the loan, your insurer will deduct the balance, plus interest, from your beneficiaries death benefit. Further, if loan interest accrues long enough, it can lead to a policy lapse.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Cash values are tax-deferred and interest is kept at a fixed rate | Taxes are deferred until withdrawal |
| Can surrender the policy and cash out at any time | Limited investment options and low rate of return |
