If A Bank Closes, What Happens To My Money? (2024)

Editorial Note: We earn a commission from partner links on Forbes Advisor. Commissions do not affect our editors' opinions or evaluations.

When a bank fails, it brings along with it a rush of anxiety for its customers. What happens to your money, and where do you go next?

Though bank failures have been less common in recent years, 2023 has seen a few dominate the news cycle. Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), Signature Bank and First Republic Bank all went down within two months of each other, causing thousands of Americans to question what would happen to their funds.

The good news is as long as your banking institution is insured by the FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation), your money should be safe. The government agency’s primary purpose is insuring your money in case of bank failure.

Can a Bank Lose Your Money?

Technically speaking, yes. Most banks don’t actually keep customers’ entire deposits on hand. The Federal Reserve typically only requires institutions to keep about 10% of deposits on hand in the form of cash, although that number can be reduced to 0% during a recession or crisis. This happened in 2020 during the Covid-19 pandemic, and a reserve requirement has still not been reinstituted.

Any deposits not in reserve are usually lent to other customers in the form of loans and credit cards so the bank can earn money on them. Because of this, it is possible for a bank to lose your money. When an institution is no longer able to provide enough liquidity for its depositors and creditors, the FDIC takes action to close the bank.

However, most reputable banking institutions protect customer funds against this circ*mstance through the FDIC. FDIC-insured accounts typically cover up to $250,000 per depositor for each account ownership type and institution.

What Happens if a Bank Fails?

When a bank can no longer meet the demands of its depositors and other creditors, the FDIC takes action to close the institution. Typically, this involves arranging the sale of the failed bank’s accounts to a healthy institution. When that happens, customers have access to their funds immediately with the new bank.

For instance, when First Republic Bank failed in May of 2023, deposits were sold to JPMorgan Chase. All previous First Republic accounts were automatically converted to Chase accounts.

If your financial institution is sold to a new bank, the new bank will contact you with account information and answer any questions about your debit cards, checks or pending payments—which are all typically still functioning for a brief period after the original bank failure.

In less common cases, the FDIC will pay off the failed bank’s depositors up to the insured amount—$250,000 per account ownership type. If you have more than that amount with the institution, the failed bank’s estate is responsible for the remainder. In that case, you might have to file a claim to get the rest of your money.

In this case, pending payments and checks will no longer be processed, as they will reflect that the bank is closed. This won’t affect your credit score, but you will need to ensure any outstanding payments are taken care of using another source of funds.

This process is only relevant for banks. Credit unions follow a similar approach but are usually insured by the NCUA (National Credit Union Administration) instead of the FDIC.

What Happens to Your Money if a Bank Closes?

If a bank closes, what happens to your money depends on whether the account is sold to another institution or the FDIC takes responsibility for paying out depositors.

In most cases, accounts are sold to another bank, and you will automatically have access to your funds at the new institution. Funds should be available immediately.

In the case of FDIC payments, the agency aims to pay out customers as soon as possible after their bank failure. That is typically around two business days.

If your deposit at the closed bank was in the name of a trust or through a fiduciary, it might take longer to get your funds. This is because you’ll likely be required to provide documentation proving ownership or wait for the money to pass through the fiduciary.

How To Keep Your Money Safe From Bank Failures

The most important step you can take to protect your deposits is to ensure your institution is FDIC-insured. You can use the FDIC website to search institutions and find one that works for you.

It’s also a good idea to keep an eye on the status of your bank and monitor news trends, especially during a recession. If you’re worried about bank failure, you might consider transferring your funds to another institution. Additionally, if you have more than the insured limit in a single account—$250,000—consider alternative ways to insure your excess funds.

Find The Best Online Banks Of 2024

Learn More

If A Bank Closes, What Happens To My Money? (2024)

FAQs

If A Bank Closes, What Happens To My Money? ›

When there is no open bank acquirer for the deposits, the FDIC will pay the depositor directly by check up to the insured balance in each account. Such payments usually begin within a few days after the bank closing.

What happens to your money if the bank closes? ›

If your bank closes, you should receive notification of what will happen to your money from the FDIC or NCUA, the acquiring bank or both. You'll automatically have an account at the new bank, or the FDIC or NCUA will issue you a payment returning your funds.

Can banks seize your money if the economy fails? ›

Banking regulation has changed over the last 100 years to provide more protection to consumers. You can keep money in a bank account during a recession and it will be safe through FDIC and NCUA deposit insurance. Up to $250,000 is secure in individual bank accounts and $500,000 is safe in joint bank accounts.

What happens to my money if a bank goes bust? ›

When a bank is at risk of going bust, there is usually a run on the bank when the bank's customers try to withdraw the money in their accounts before the bank closes. There is a government scheme in place which will compensate account holders of a bank that has failed, but only up to a limited sum.

How to withdraw cash when the bank is closed? ›

Shortcuts
  1. The Post Office.
  2. Banking hubs.
  3. Mobile and pop-up banks.
  4. Cash machines (ATMs)
  5. Your local shop.
  6. Online banking.

Do you still owe money if a bank collapses? ›

So, no, your loans aren't forgiven if your lender goes bankrupt. You're still responsible for making payments, the only difference is that you'll be sending payments to another institution instead of the one that originally gave you the loan.

Are credit unions safer than banks? ›

Generally, credit unions are viewed as safer than banks, although deposits at both types of financial institutions are usually insured at the same dollar amounts. The FDIC insures deposits at most banks, and the NCUA insures deposits at most credit unions.

Should I take my money out of the bank in 2024? ›

First and foremost, it is essential to choose a bank that is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). The FDIC insures deposits up to $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank. This means that if your bank fails, you can still get your money back up to the insured amount.

Are people pulling cash out of banks? ›

A recent CNBC Select and Dynata Banking Behaviors Survey found that 40% of respondents who reported having withdrawn cash from their savings say they did so to cover fixed bills, such as a car payment. The second most cited reason, at 38%, was to cover variable expenses like groceries.

Where do millionaires keep their money? ›

Cash equivalents are financial instruments that are almost as liquid as cash and are popular investments for millionaires. Examples of cash equivalents are money market mutual funds, certificates of deposit, commercial paper and Treasury bills. Some millionaires keep their cash in Treasury bills.

Can the government take money from your bank account in a crisis? ›

They are able to levy up to the total amount you owe in back taxes, and the bank must comply. For many individuals, this might mean seizing everything in their entire bank account. The only way you are able to release a levy due to hardship is if you make a satisfactory resolution.

Can a bank legally keep your money? ›

Yes. Your bank may hold the funds according to its funds availability policy. Or it may have placed an exception hold on the deposit.

How long does it take to get your money if your bank collapses? ›

While every bank failure is unique, there are standard policies and procedures that the FDIC follows in making deposit insurance payments. It is the FDIC's goal to make deposit insurance payments within two business day of the failure of the insured institution.

Can money enter a closed bank account? ›

Once a bank account is closed, it is no longer active, and any attempts to deposit money into that account will fail.

Can you withdraw all your money from the bank and close your account? ›

When you close a bank account, your bank will likely require you to withdraw all funds before the account is considered fully closed. If your account was closed by the bank, you'll need to get in touch to ask how to access your funds.

Are banks limiting cash withdrawals? ›

Banks and credit unions impose ATM withdrawal limits to help maintain cash reserves and provide customer security. Most of the time, ATM limits reset daily, but your ATM withdrawals may be subject to limitations per transaction or depending on the actual ATM.

What happens to your money if the bank closes and the funds you deposited in the bank were in a qualified account backed by the FDIC? ›

Since the FDIC began operations in 1934, no depositor has ever lost a penny of FDIC-insured deposits. FDIC insurance covers depositor accounts at each insured bank, dollar-for-dollar, including principal and any accrued interest through the date of the insured bank's closing, up to the insurance limit.

Can the FDIC run out of money? ›

Still, the FDIC itself doesn't have unlimited money. If enough banks flounder at once, it could deplete the fund that backstops deposits. However, experts say even in that event, bank patrons shouldn't worry about losing their FDIC-insured money.

What happens if you owe a bank money and the bank collapses? ›

Within a few days after the closure, you will be notified by the FDIC, and by the purchaser, as to where to send future payments. In the case of a delinquent loan, the FDIC will “set off” the loan against the borrower's deposits (if any) before paying deposit insurance.

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Francesca Jacobs Ret

Last Updated:

Views: 6531

Rating: 4.8 / 5 (68 voted)

Reviews: 91% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Francesca Jacobs Ret

Birthday: 1996-12-09

Address: Apt. 141 1406 Mitch Summit, New Teganshire, UT 82655-0699

Phone: +2296092334654

Job: Technology Architect

Hobby: Snowboarding, Scouting, Foreign language learning, Dowsing, Baton twirling, Sculpting, Cabaret

Introduction: My name is Francesca Jacobs Ret, I am a innocent, super, beautiful, charming, lucky, gentle, clever person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.